While dental crowns are generally safe and effective, they can pose certain risks such as tooth sensitivity, nerve damage, decay under the crown and in some cases, gum irritation or allergic reactions. Like any dental treatment, crowns are not without potential complications, even though they are widely used and often necessary to protect damaged teeth. Understanding these possible dangers helps you make informed choices and spot problems early.
Can Dental Crowns Cause Pain Or Sensitivity?
Yes, it is quite common to experience some discomfort after a crown is fitted, particularly if the underlying tooth’s nerve was affected during the preparation process. Some people report sharp pain when consuming hot or cold foods, which usually indicates nerve sensitivity.
In many cases, this settles down over time, but persistent sensitivity could be a sign that the crown doesn’t fit quite right or that the nerve is becoming inflamed. In some cases, especially if the tooth was heavily filled before the crown, root canal treatment may be needed later.
It is quite common to experience some discomfort after a crown is fitted but this usually settles down over time.
Is There A Risk Of Nerve Damage?
When a dentist prepares a tooth for a crown, a significant amount of enamel may be removed to make space for the cap. If the tooth is already weakened or decayed, this process can bring the crown closer to the nerve inside the tooth.
While careful dentists aim to avoid this, nerve irritation is sometimes unavoidable. If inflammation develops and the nerve dies, the tooth may require further treatment, such as a root canal. Research shows that approximately 7 to 10% of crowned teeth end up needing root canal therapy later on.
Can Crowns Cause Decay Or Infection?
Yes, but not the crown itself as the danger lies underneath. If the edge of the crown (called the margin) doesn’t fit perfectly, bacteria can seep into the gap between the crown and natural tooth. This allows decay to develop beneath the crown, where it is difficult to detect.
Poor oral hygiene also plays a role. Even though the crown is artificial, the tooth beneath it is still very much alive and vulnerable to cavities. Regular brushing, flossing and dental check-ups are essential to keep the area clean.
Are There Allergic Reactions To Crown Materials?
Although rare, some people do experience allergic reactions to the materials used in dental crowns, especially if they contain metal alloys such as nickel. Symptoms can include gum irritation, swelling or a persistent metallic taste in the mouth.
If you have had allergies to jewellery or metal before, it is important to discuss this with your dentist beforehand. Many practices offer alternative materials like ceramic or zirconia, which are more biocompatible and less likely to cause issues.
Can Crowns Damage The Surrounding Teeth?
In certain cases, yes. If a crown is too high or not aligned properly with the opposing tooth, it can lead to uneven bite pressure. This may cause wear on the opposing tooth or lead to jaw discomfort over time. It can also make chewing difficult or uncomfortable.
Proper adjustment and follow-up appointments are key to avoiding this problem. Crowns should feel like a natural part of your bite and should not interfere with the rest of your teeth.
What About Gum Health Around Crowns?
Crowns that don’t fit well or extend too far below the gum line can irritate the gums and make it more difficult to keep the area clean. This may lead to inflammation, bleeding or even gum recession.
Over time, this can affect the appearance of your smile and the stability of the crown itself. Well-fitted crowns, combined with proper oral hygiene, usually prevent these issues. If your gums around the crown are sore, red or bleeding, it is worth getting it checked.
Maintaining good oral hygiene is essential to keep your dental crowns healthy and long-lasting.
Can Crowns Come Loose Or Fall Off?
Yes, especially if the cement holding them weakens or if there’s decay underneath. A crown coming loose can leave the tooth underneath exposed and vulnerable. If this happens, the crown should be re-cemented or replaced promptly.
Avoid chewing particularly sticky foods with crowned teeth, and let your dentist know if the crown starts to feel wobbly.
Is It Possible To Avoid These Complications?
Most of the risks associated with dental crowns can be avoided or minimised through good planning, precise dental work and consistent care afterwards. Choosing a well-qualified dentist, maintaining excellent oral hygiene and attending regular check-ups make a huge difference.
If you notice pain, sensitivity or any changes in your bite or gums after having a crown fitted, don’t ignore it as early attention can prevent more serious problems.
Do The Benefits Still Outweigh The Risks?
Yes, in most cases. Crowns are a reliable way to restore teeth that are cracked, broken, worn down or badly decayed.
When done well, they can last 10 to 15 years or longer and help preserve the natural tooth underneath. As long as you are aware of the possible complications and keep up with dental visits, crowns can offer both function and cosmetic benefits without causing trouble.
Summary
Dental crowns are not risk-free, but when planned and cared for properly, they are a safe and effective way to protect vulnerable teeth. The key is not just the treatment itself but how you look after it. It is important to understand your options and know what signs to look for if something is not quite right.
